The First Industry Revolution A Description of Impacts

History researchers recognize the main modern upset started in Great Britain in the second 50% of the eighteenth century (1760) and endured to some time somewhere in the range of 1820 and 1840, bringing enormous change of the economy by moving creation from hand-fabricating into automated assembling (Musson Robinson, 1969).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The First Industry Revolution: A Description of Impacts explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This change significantly changed each part of human life and prompted new social, monetary and political philosophies. The current paper portrays the cultural, political, geographic and monetary effects of the principal mechanical upheaval. Note that the depiction will test some work and lives of key individuals from the Lunar Society, a common logical society, in light of the fact that the general public possesses an excellent spot throughout the entire existence of the mechanical unrest as its individ uals were associated with effectively making a convergence between unadulterated science and propelling innovation to prod and continue the transformation (Musson Robinson, 1969). On the social front, it tends to be contended that the primary mechanical transformation not just activated fast urbanization, cruel work conditions, kid work and modern contamination which undermined both human wellbeing and the characteristic world, yet the common laborers turned out to be progressively estranged because of city life, wrongdoing levels took off, and the social texture that used to hold individuals together in the country zones almost softened down (Musson Robinson, 1969). Be that as it may, these are just the negatives. It very well may be contended that the logical work of Lunar Society individuals Samuel Galton, Jr. (ornithology and optics) Jonathan Stokes (doctor and botanist) and James Keir (scientific expert, geologist, substance maker) realized procedures that offered ascend to exh austive increments underway ability and would influence every single cultural need, including food creation, medication, and apparel (Schofield, 1957). The political front was affected through: colonization of Asia and Africa by Great Britain to search for crude materials to take care of the mounting ventures; division of the world into two classifications †the created and the immature world; Europeanization of different nations as Europeans went across seas to settle in outside nations; institution of a few change laws and Acts, remembering the order of Factory Laws for Great Britain to ensure the wellbeing and security of laborers, and; the improvement of solid worker's organization developments to speak to the necessities and worries of laborers (Yavuz n.d.). Lunar Society part Thomas Day (legislative issues and power) was persuasive in outlining the political course of Great Britain following the inception of the mechanical upheaval (Schofield, 1957).Advertising Looking for exposition on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The geographic effects are best lit up by the quick populace blast following the inception of the modern insurgency, which saw an abuse of scant characteristic and man-made assets (e.g., land, vitality, woodlands and so forth) and expanded natural contamination because of various waste side-effects emerging from the production lines (Musson Robinson, 1969). These outcomes are still felt today in sporadic precipitation designs, a worldwide temperature alteration, contamination started respiratory maladies, and uncollected modern trash (Yavuz, n.d.). Surviving writing exhibits that Irish landowner and creator Richard Lovell Edgeworth, who was an individual from the Lunar Society (Schofield, 1957), showed to his occupants enterprising propensities that could be utilized to ideally use accessible assets without corrupting nature (Koditschek, 2011). In conclusion, on the fi nancial front, Lunar Society individuals Mathew Boulton and James Watt contributed enormously towards the creation of steam motors that were basic in changing Britain into the world’s chief economy overwhelmed by automated creation and transportation (Schofield, 1957). Another Lunar part Josiah Wedgwood was compelling in starting the earthenware production plants that not just utilized an enormous number of individuals, guaranteeing they had cash to spend, yet additionally opened abroad markets. Generally speaking, the mechanical insurgency expanded the creation limit with regards to products and ventures because of motorization, made occupations for laborers and helped them to live better lives (Musson Robinson, 1969). References Koditschek, T (2011). Radicalism, dominion, and the chronicled creative mind: Ninetieth-century dreams of a more noteworthy Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Musson, A.E., Robinson, E. (1969). Science and innovation in the modern insur gency. Manchester: Butler Tanner Ltd. Schofield, R.E. (1957). The modern direction of science. ISIS, 48(4), 408-415. Web.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The First Industry Revolution: A Description of Impacts explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yavuz, E. (n.d.). The mechanical transformation and outcomes. Web. This paper on The First Industry Revolution: A Description of Impacts was composed and put together by client Jayce Q. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

Answer 3 history questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answer 3 history questions - Essay Example Be that as it may, Lincoln’s resistance in the issue was condemned by the Radical republicans who were of the nonattendance of any Black social liberties in the Presidential Plan. After all the Blacks were liberated after the Civil War, the Radicals were currently requesting more prominent rights for them as equivalent Americans. Abraham Lincoln was the killed in 1865 after which President Andrew Johnson passed councils in the Southern states which constrained the privileges of Blacks to a lot of codes. Consequently, the period under the organization of President Johnson saw laws limiting Black rights and supporting the mastery of the Whites (Public Broadcasting Service a, n.pag.). Alongside help from President Johnson and his prohibitive Black codes, the Southerners attempted to keep up subjugation fundamentally. Outrage ejected in the North against the out of line dark codes detrimentally affecting the help for the Presidential Reconstruction. Backing for the Radical wing of the Republicans expanded and in the following congressional appointment of 1866, the Radical republicans won. An enormous greater part of seats won by them permitted them to impact the Reconstruction in the Congress. Moreover, it could override any refusals of authorizations made by Johnson. In the Reconstruction Act went in 1867, five Southern Confederate states were separated into military locale and gave a structure of how the administration would be composed. Southern states were likewise endorsed to approve the Fourteenth Amendment in order to permit equivalent rights and assurance for the Black slaves before they were readmitted to the Union. Following the Reconstruction Act the Blacks procured a state in the administration guidelines which was a striking advance throughout the entire existence of the American governmental issues. A long time later, be that as it may, counterrevolutionary players including the Ku Klux Klan would cause inversion of the enactments achieved by t he Radical Republicans in this manner prodding up threatening vibe and racial domination in the Southern States (Public Broadcasting Service a, n.pag.). The 1925 film The Birth of a Nation showed a similar period of the Southern states after the American Civil War. The film twisted the truth of the Reconstruction time frame by indicating the Blacks as overwhelming the Whites in the South along these lines giving glorification of the Ku Klux Klan (Public Broadcasting Service b, n.pag.). 2. John Gast’s painting Manifest Destiny, otherwise called the American Progress, is a clear introduction of the American West in the nineteenth century. The artwork shows the headways in innovation as the traditional travois utilized by Native Americans is trailed by a wagon and afterward a horse express. Railways can likewise be seen where the trains are going over the rails. With the development of railways after the American Civil War, the West was opened up for pilgrims across America just as different landmasses. When seen consecutively, the artistic creation exhibits the American Progress for what it's worth with the Native Americans coming in their travois before the European and American pilgrims came in their carriages and communicates. At that point after them came the ranchers and different pioneers from different pieces of the nation by means of railways in trains. White pioneers showed up from the East intersection the Mississippi while the African American pilgrims originated from the

Paxil CR as a Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder

Paxil CR as a Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print Paxil CR as a Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on October 18, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children  Jonathan Nourok / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Usage Dosage Safety Interactions Side Effects Risks View All Paxil is the brand name of the generic medication paroxetine hydrochloride. Paxil is a prescription medication used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and other serious mental health problems. Manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, Paxil was the first medication approved for the treatment of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Paxil CR is the longer-acting, controlled-release version of Paxil. A selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI), Paxil slows reabsorption of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is believed to play a role in the regulation of mood and anxiety. Usage Paxil comes in tablet form and must be swallowed wholeâ€"not chewed or crushed. It is generally taken once per day in the morning, with or without food. If you forget to take a daily dose, take it when you remember. However, if it is close to the time of your next dose, it is better to skip the missed dose altogether. It is important to continue taking Paxil as long as your doctor instructs, even if you begin to feel better. If you abruptly stop taking Paxil, you may experience withdrawal symptoms such as dizziness, abnormal dreams, and tingly sensations. To avoid these symptoms, your doctor will slowly taper your dosage when you stop taking Paxil. Dosage For people with SAD, a typical dosage of Paxil CR starts at 12.5 mg, with increases of 12.5 mg weekly, although there can be variability in these doses and increases. In general, elderly people will be given a lower dose. Safety Paxil should be used with caution if you: Have impaired liver or kidney functionHave a history of seizuresHave a history of maniaPregnant or planning to become pregnantBreastfeeding The effectiveness of Paxil in children and adolescents has not been studied and the medication has not been approved for people under 18 years of age. There is some evidence to suggest an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children taking Paxil. Interactions Paxil should not be taken in combination with, or within weeks of taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), thioridazine, or pimozide. The result of such combinations can be fatal. Caution should be used when taking a number of other medications in combination with Paxil, such as anticoagulants and anti-inflammatories. Consumption of alcohol is also not advised while taking Paxil. In general, you should inform your doctor of any prescription or over-the-counter medications, or any other substances that you are taking or plan to take. Side Effects Side effects of Paxil generally appear early in the initiation of the drug, can often improve with time, and may include the following: NauseaDrowsinessInsomniaSweatingTremorsWeakness/loss of strengthDizzinessDry mouthSexual dysfunctionConstipationDiarrheaGasNervousnessDecreased appetiteWeight gain When first starting Paxil or when changing the dosage, watch for more serious side effects such as agitation, hostility, panic, extreme hyperactivity, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to report these to your doctor immediately. For some people, Paxil may interfere with judgment, thinking, and motor skills. It is important not to operate dangerous machinery or participate in hazardous activities unless you are sure that Paxil is not affecting you in this way. Risks The risk of a fatal overdose of Paxil is very low. Symptoms of an overdose may include the following: DizzinessDrowsinessFacial flushingNauseaSweatingVomitingComa When combined with some medications, there is a risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially fatal condition. Symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome include the following: AgitationConfusionSweatingHallucinationsAbnormal reflexesMuscle spasms  Rapid heartbeat If youve been prescribed Paxil, you may be worried and wondering what to expect. Take a deep breath, and know that your doctor has chosen this SSRI as the best form of treatment for your social anxiety. If you are still concerned or have further questions, dont feel embarrassed to ask them or have a family member ask. The more informed you are about your medication treatment, the better of an experience it will be. Below is a list of other related anxiety medications that you could be prescribed. Other Anxiety Medications AtivanBuSparEffexor XRKlonopinLexaproLuvox CRProzacValiumVistarilXanaxZoloft

The Importance Of Confidence And Self Esteem - 1534 Words

Confidence and self esteem can be damaged when negative input is received - this could be comments by adults, other children, the child s own high perception of what a finished product should look like, anotherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬TMs expectation, or maybe something going wrong - breaking, not sticking together, falling off . Supporting these occasions to make sure / ensure feelings are protected/safeguarded can involve making sure only good encouraging comments are given, that you commiserate over problems together, work together and give suggestions on how it may be possible to correct/overcome the problems - achieving successful outcomes. Support self-esteem and confidence again by allowing the child to lead any new ideas, seeing if these ones work or not. Ways to support confidence and self-esteem Use positive language. Take an interest in what s happening Listen to the Children. Respond as necessary Use body and facial language to smile, reassure, encourage, gesture. Recognise efforts genuinely - if something surprises you, raises a question, ask about it. Congratulate, say how you feel. Support the work being done and work through problems together. Be available Do not judge or pick fault. Plan new experiences and activities Suggest and where appropriate offer alternative / different ideas. Value work by finding ways to use and display it. Question: Question 21 Answer: Resilience is about being independent, standing on your own two feet or taking back the power. It is importantShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Self Esteem1630 Words   |  7 PagesMills BU 110 25 October 2016 The Importance of Self-Esteem It is often said that if an individual wishes to succeed in life they must have confidence. That in order to handle difficult situations it is confidence that will see them through. But what if that’s wrong? What if there was a lesser known, subtly more powerful force that would allow an individual to succeed and be resilient to those difficult situations? Often confused with confidence, it is self-esteem that is a powerful mechanism affectingRead MoreArgumentative Essay : Overconfident Supertramp1623 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom is now theirs to possess, as are the ramifications that go with it. We may only hope that these young adults possess the self-control to make wise decisions with their freedoms. Today’s passionate freedom seekers are a generation of instilled confidence over self-control. Some may plunder forward, careless of the repercussions of their actions as they have the confidence to overcome any obstacle, as we observe with Chris McCandless in â€Å"S elections from Into the Wild†, by Jon Krakauer. Chris McCandlessRead MoreSelf Esteem Essay718 Words   |  3 PagesCan self-esteem really engender success, or does it induce the well-being of individuals? 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Some shifts that have happened toward self- esteem over the past few decades were the fact that many peopleRead MoreImportance And Usefulness Of Evaluating Self Esteem924 Words   |  4 PagesIn the following article, the Importance and usefulness of evaluating self-esteem in children the authors Hosogi, Mizuho; Okada, Ayumi; Fuji, Chikako; Noguchi, Keizou; and Watanabe, Kumi focus on the child’s self-esteem. Children begin to develop their self-esteem in the environment they are raised. As the child built their self-esteem the child gains an understanding and the abilities to learn how to deal with conflict, decision making, the way they communicate, and how well they adapt in societyRead MoreImportance Of Belonging In Teenagers724 Words   |  3 Pagessources than are those who are marginalized.† (The Importance of Belonging in Teenagers, 2). This is saying that when teens are with a group of friends that they like and have a lot in common with them they are keeping themselves safe from the harmful peer pressure. Another article where I see it talk about peer pressure is in this article by safeteens.org. â€Å"How do I resist peer pressure? Understanding your own values and beliefs. Have Self-confidence. Choose your friends wisely. Talk to a trustedRead MoreUnderstand Physical Disability Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesthe importance of differentiating between the individual and the disability 1.1 Explain the importance of recognising the centrality of the individual rather than the disability It is important you recognise the individuality of the person to help boost their confidence and self-esteem and make sure you arent labelling them. If you were to label them you would forget their individuality and start thinking they cant do something because of their disability. 1.2 Explain the importance ofRead MoreSelf -Esteem and Student Success1511 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Self-Esteem on Student Success Cristine Scott Central Michigan University CED 502 Student Development in Higher Education Mr. John Lalibertà © In today’s’ society, success is often measured by academic and professional achievement. Higher education provides more opportunity and freedom. Statistics verify that generally, the more highly educated have higher earnings and there is a significant difference between wages earned by employees with College degrees and those without. HigherRead MoreSocial Networking And Social Media1301 Words   |  6 PagesSocial networking sites create an unspoken competition between users which will cause them to experience low self-esteem. For instance, people compete for social capital: relationships with people among a society. Jacob Silverman stated, â€Å"If I don’t get ten faves in the first three minutes after tweeting something, I’ll probably just delete it, an amateur comedian told the wall street journal†¦What the comedian really fears is the loss of followers and social capital† (Silverman 25). When people post

The, Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe - 1244 Words

Imperialistic policy has drastically affected the development of nearly every nation on the planet. Although imperialism greatly benefits European nations, it damages the infrastructure of the nations under it. Entire continents such as Africa were forced into subservience and plundered for their resources. Many tribe’s had their land taken from them, and their culture and customs were altered by Christian missionaries. The atrocities committed against the Igbo are a perfect example of the trials the African people faced. For the Igbo, life before the Europeans was much better. The Igbo ruled themselves and were successful farmers. However, With the arrival of the Europeans came unnecessary bloodshed, and the destruction of the Igbo†¦show more content†¦Without the ability to rule themselves, the white men completely changed the structure of the Igbos government. The Igbos judicial system was thrown out and replaced with one ruled by the white men. In the Igbos old co urt system, when there was a dispute to be settled, you would take it to the egwugwu and it would be discussed publicly. Whereas in the European court system set up in Umuofia, is ruled by one man. The white man’s judicial system is also much less fair. When Okonkwo accidentally killed the young boy, he was only banished by the elders to a sister clan. When Aneto committed a similar crime under the European court system, â€Å"Aneto was taken to Umuru and hanged† (Achebe 177). Aneto may have murdered a man, but under Igbo customs if he flees to another land, then he is to be spared. Even though Aneto did these things the white men did not pay any attention to Igbo customs and took the matter into their own hands. The extent to which the political infrastructure of the Igbo was damaged, was so great that the tribe ended up having to conform to European ways in order to survive. The Igbos economic structure was greatly altered after the Europeans arrived, leading to majo r economic disarray in Umuofia. The first thing the Europeans did to the Igbos economy was direct all trade routes away from Mecca and Medina, and allow only trade with European nations. The diversion of traditional

Criteria match †Organ Sales Free Essays

The numbers grow on a daily basis and every year, thousands of Americans are dying because of the inability to get the life-saving organs in which they require to survive (Shave, 2008). Although an answer of legalizing the sale of organs may seem like a plausible solution, there are a magnitude of issues that show this may not be such a good idea. By legalizing the sale of Organs, we run the risk of increasing black market revenue and major exploitation of the poor. We will write a custom essay sample on Criteria match – Organ Sales or any similar topic only for you Order Now This provides availability for more unsafe practices and distribution of organs in an uncontrolled environment. In our current age, we have over one hundred thousand individuals waiting for a transplant with only less than fifteen thousand donors (OPT, 2014). Although legalization of organs may seem reasonable, I do not think it would be a wise choice because of exploitation, morals and the large contribution it would make to support the black market distribution of organs. Becoming an organ donor and compensation for organs are two separate cases in which one is deceased and can no longer use their organs and where one living being is compensated for organs in which they may sibyl need to survive at a later date. The black market has had no issues in delivering services still to those desperate for organs to save their loved ones (Meeker, 2007). In 2003 an illegal kidney-procurement network was uncovered in Africa where an operation would provide the donor with six thousand dollars and middlemen were able to sell the organs for as much as one-hundred thousand dollars (Shave, 2008). In the United States, the black market for human tissue usually involves those that are about to be cremated. Falsified documents are provided and he tissue can then be sold to a research facility where infectious, diseased organs are sold by a claim that alters the cause of death or health history. In some of these trades, compensation is not even rewarded but the donor waking up in a bath tub covered in blood and ice cubes with a missing organ. Because of the desperate call to help a family member and the waiting list being so high, many Americans turn to the black market in order to get what they need. The individual may contact someone they know such as the â€Å"Body snatchers† and a worker may be misled thinking they eave a Job but are locked into a facility with an operating room where their cadavers can provide tissue for up to 90 patients (Shave, 2007). In a controlled environment, a heart procedure/operation can cost one-hundred thousand dollars, kidney operations from three thousand and the cost of the organ is not included (Forbes, 2007). Much of the upper-class individuals will have no issue providing these funds however, the lower class may struggle with figures that high. This brings up the criteria of exploitation amongst the lower class. The term exploitation can be defined s â€Å"Use or utilization, especially for profit† (Exploitation, 2014). The market for organ sales may be the hardest to Justify and compensation to the lower class living individuals for their organs is exploiting and in fact would better support an argument for increasing aid to the needy (Shave, 2008). The lower class simply cannot afford multiple hundred thousands of dollars for a transplant which leaves those able to receive being from a higher class (Forbes, 2007). The legalization of organs sales will not only increase traffic in the black market, but exploit the poor. Both options simply lack ethics and to put a price on a human, borderlines many limitations of morality. One could say that legalization would decrease sales and provide a safer environment for transplants however, if we compare the drug market and the legalization of marijuana with the black market, we see revenues sky rocketing for the illegal distribution of marijuana not prescribed and opens the door for those distributing illegally, to do it in a more outside manor making it easier, quicker and adding to the price off mind-altering substance. The sales of human organs for compensation should not be legalized, it will increase black market profit and availability and exploit the poor. A day worker in India was looking for day wages when he agreed to do construction work for four dollars an hour. Him, along with others were then held at gunpoint for several days and eventually taken to a hidden operating room where he and the two others remain unconscious by drugs and when they awoke, their kidneys had been removed (Shave, 2008). By legalizing organ sales, we support circumstances like these because we are taking their immoral actions ND brutality and making it legal to do so. By making organ sales legal, many could be misguided into faulty operations such as these and live on life support for the remaining number of years. Imagine how much easier it would be to produce fraudulent papers and faulty medical records in order to please the payer (Shave, 2007). By making organ sales legal, we make these situations more convenient for the desperate and in some cases could be the end of thousands of lives because the black market will always be cheaper and will always be available. It is the poor person who sells, the rich who buy and Dry. Delimitation of the Wall Street Journal mentions that â€Å"Payments eventually result in the exploitation of the individual,† (Shuttlecocks, 2001). A condition can only be exploitive if the victim is ill- informed, manipulated or coerced into believing something other than what is present (Wilkinson, 2011). The sale of Organs is pretty straight forward but if we look in terms of a struggling economy, the individual’s decision is highly influenced and therefore the situation is being manipulated. Such actions could also include the compensation being considerably low in contrast to the profit. Such cases like in South Africa, individuals are compensated anywhere from six hundred to eight hundred dollars and those same organs are sold for over one-hundred thousand (Shave, 2008). Both criteria could bring arguments to consider like legalizing it would provide for safer facilities to do transplants and also, provide income for the poor. But is money more important than a life? More facilities means more tax dollars and if this means safer alternatives, than why are some of these facilities distributing illegally when it is illegal? If they find a way to do it now, imagine how much easier ND accessible it would be to the black market. Yes, legalizing organs sales may decrease the numbers on the waiting list, but what about other methods such as providing campaigns of awareness for more to become organ donors? As of today, only one third of the population is an organ donor (OPT, 2014). If every person became an organ donor this would not only eliminate numbers on the waiting list, but possibly even produce an abundance of organs that may be used later. Considering one hundred and fifty thousand people die a day, it would only take one ay to eliminate the waiting list of one hundred and twenty thousand (Wick. NODE, 2014). Legalizing organ sales has far more negative effects than that which would actually help the American people. The black market will increase revenue and grow their practices all-the-while exploiting the lower class and providing more health concerns for those who are desperate. What’s at stake? Power, control and revenue. Although many would say that the legalization would decrease numbers which may hold truth, there are multiple different actions which can benefit the country that will to promote immoral behavior and unethical compensation for a living being. How to cite Criteria match – Organ Sales, Papers

It is the love between Romeo and Juliet that makes the play so enduringly popular Essay Example For Students

It is the love between Romeo and Juliet that makes the play so enduringly popular? Essay I personally disagree with this statement but I do think that love and romance are both major parts of the play. Each mood in the play works well with one and other and contrasts well with each other, which makes the play entertaining and work so well. The overarching mood of the play is Love but it would fall to pieces without its other moods. The love is the overarching mood in the play and makes it popular with all of its beautiful images and the enlightening sonnet, which is shared between Romeo and Juliet when they first meet. One of the best love images in the play is when Romeo has first sighted Juliet and he uses a simile to describe her it seems she hangs upon the cheek of night as a rich jewel in an Ethiops ear. He is saying how her beauty is rare like jewels are. It also shows how Juliet stands out against everyone else because of her radiance. The sonnet that is shared between Romeo and Juliet uses words in the lexical set of religion. Shakespeare has done this to make the love between Romeo and Juliet is pure and holy. The fact that Romeo and Juliet had shared a sonnet shows that their love is mutual. These images make people enjoy the play but if there was too much of this the audience would get bored and would not be as mortified by the tragic ending because they would almost be immune to the other moods and emotions in the play. So to balance out the love and romance, Shakespeare has cleverly juxtaposed the love mood with humour and sexual innuendo. The Nurse is a bawdy character used to contrast the love and often comes out with lines that are perhaps intended to shock but make people laugh i. . dost thou fall upon thy face? Thou wilt fall backward when thou hast more wit, wilt thou not, Jule? and this means that when she was a child, Juliet would fall forwards but when she is older she will be on her back when she is having sex. This contrasts well with the love which was coming up in the play and it adds humour to the play which makes the tragic end more effective because Shakespeare builds up your happiness for Romeo and Juliet and almost makes you forget that the chorus has already told of their doomed love. This makes the tragic end more hard hitting, as there is a looming sense of Pathos and dramatic irony, which makes us sympathetic for the couple. The two moods of love and humour are well contrasted and without the humour the love would fail. The violence plays a very big part in the play because the reason that Romeo and Juliets love could never work out is because the families of the two lovers have a grudge that leads to frequent violent confrontations e. g. ct 1 scene 1 the two families servants fight and in act 3 scene 1 Romeo and Tybalt fight which leads to Tybalts death. This makes Romeo and Juliets situation much harder because now there is no chance of the Capulets ever setting their differences with Romeo aside. So by adding the violence to the play, it makes Romeo and Juliets relationship harder. This adds sympathy from the audience and also makes it more entertaining with all of the excitement of the fighting. This would be good to see on stage as it would be fast paced and would keep the audiences attention. The tragic moments in the play come in small bursts throughout the play which prepares us for the large amount of tragedy at the end of the play. When Tybalt dies that is a very tragic moment, not only for the Capulet family but now there was an even harder situation for Romeo and Juliet as there was no chance of Romeo ever being forgiven by the Capulets now. .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb , .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .postImageUrl , .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb , .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:hover , .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:visited , .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:active { border:0!important; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:active , .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u77cc793783e45df63d92ca0bbe74bbeb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A revelation of love EssayThe tragedy at the end when Romeo and Juliet commit suicide is very moving because the dramatic irony is so strong and there is a large sense of underlying pathos because the audience know that if Romeo had got to the Capulets vault a little bit later then he would have seen Juliet wake up and he would have realised that she was alive but because he didnt know she was really alive and not dead. There is a strong feeling of frustration because we know that Juliet is alive and he doesnt but we cant do anything to stop his impending suicide. With this strong ending people are moved and it has audiences attentive to the play. So tragedy is a key mood in the play and definitely helps to make it popular. Through the whole play there are constant references to Greek Tragedy, which has a lot to do with fate. The fate in this play makes it very popular. At the beginning there are many references to fate in the prologue, which builds up dramatic irony, tension and pathos. There are many words in the lexical set of fate death marked, star crossed, fatal and it makes us realise that nothing can stand in the way of fate and Romeo and Juliet are doomed from the start. The play is revolving around fate because at the start of the play when the two families have a confrontation, the Prince says anyone who fights again will be killed, then Romeo kills Tybalt and Romeo gets banished and it goes on in a chain of events which all build up to Romeo and Juliets death which means that if the two Servants hadnt have started the fight, none of this would have happened, so it again emphasises that Romeo and Juliet were destined to die and that fate controls everything. There are many references to Greek mythology Phaeton, Cynthias brow, Abraham Cupid which would emphasise fate because Greeks were firm believers that our lives were pre-destined and that you cant change the course of fate. So fate was a large part of the play and it makes it very popular with the audience. Shakespeare carefully set out the pace of the play. When he wanted a romantic scene he would slow everything down, have as few people as possible in the scene and have as few stage directions as possible. But when he wanted a fast violent scene he would have lots of people entering and exiting the scene and lots of stage directions, which would make the scene very fast. This would make people more attentive to the play and they would watch it intensively when there were lots and lots of action. And when he wanted to have a slow scene everything was quiet and there would only be one or two people on stage, which would make things gentle. The pace is an essential part of the play because it is very important to keep the audiences attention and pace is a very good way of getting it. In conclusion I have discovered that all of the moods are essential to the play. Although the love is the main mood it would not work without the other moods that back it up and contrast with each other. The play would fall to pieces without all the moods because the plot simply would not work without them.

Australian Politics essays

Australian Politics essays 1.A shift to a republic would be in Australia's best interests. There have been a series of debates on the actual future of the Australian state. On the one hand, there are some who suggest that Australia would have a better future as an independent and sovereign republic; on the other hand, the current status as part of the Commonwealth is considered to be a better option for the nation and the state. However, serious attempts have been made and discussions are underway for what would the government consider to be by 2020 the Australian state and an Australian head of state (BBC, 2008). In order to have a better assessment of this issue, there are several aspects to be taken into consideration which support the idea of an Australian republic and an Australian head of state rather than an overall monarchical rule. First, todays reality is one of independent and sovereign state, not one of former empires. As stated by the foreign Minister, a split from the British monarchy was inevitable. (BBC, 2008) It is not so much the mere fact that Australia is formally still entrenched in the remains of an empire which seized to exist decades ago. It is more the issue of modernity and of the role Australia came to play in the world in recent decades. In this sense, it is one of the most important countries in the Asia Pacific region and should therefore have a defining and sovereign head of state in order to allow the country to run its affairs independently from any outside force. Second, there is also the matter of the national identity worldwide. In this sense, there are voices suggesting that the Australian state, due to the fact that it has always been associated with the image of the British Empire does not have a national identity, one that could be constructed and built upon in the decades and centuries to come. More precisely, these voices suggest that the maintenance of the monarchical rule can da...

North American P-51 Mustang Fighter

North American P-51 Mustang Fighter North American P-51D Specifications: General Length: 32 ft. 3 in.Wingspan: 37 ft.Height: 13 ft. 8 in.Wing Area: 235 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 7,635 lbs.Loaded Weight: 9,200 lbs.Maximum Takeoff Weight: 12,100 lbs.Crew: 1 Performance Maximum Speed: 437 mphRange: 1,650 miles (w/ external tanks)Rate of Climb: 3,200 ft./min.Service Ceiling: 41,900 ft.Power Plant: 1 Ãâ€" Packard V-1650-7 liquid-cooled supercharged V-12, 1,490 hp Armament 6 Ãâ€" 0.50 in. machine gunsUp to 2,000 lb of bombs (2 hardpoints)10 x 5 unguided rockets Development: With the outbreak of World War II in 1939, the British government established a purchasing commission in the United States to acquire aircraft to supplement the Royal Air Force. Overseen by Sir Henry Self, who was charged with directing RAF aircraft production as well as research and development, this commission initially sought to acquire large numbers of the Curtiss P-40 Warhawk for use in Europe. While not an ideal aircraft, it the P-40 was the only American fighter then in production that came close to the performance standards required for combat over Europe. Contacting Curtiss, the commissions plan soon proved unworkable as the Curtiss-Wright plant was unable to take new orders. As a result, Self approached North American Aviation as the company was already supplying the RAF with trainers and was attempting to sell the British their new B-25 Mitchell bomber. Meeting with North American president James Dutch Kindelberger, Self asked if the company could produce the P-40 under contract. Kindelberger replied that rather than transition North Americans assembly lines to the P-40, he could have a superior fighter designed and ready to fly in a shorter span of time. In response to this offer, Sir Wilfrid Freeman, the head of the British Ministry of Aircraft Production placed an order for 320 aircraft in March 1940. As part of the contract, the RAF specified a minimum armament of four .303 machine guns, a maximum unit price of $40,000, and for the first production aircraft to be available by January 1941. Design: With this order in hand, North American designers Raymond Rice and Edgar Schmued began the NA-73X project to create a fighter around the P-40s Allison V-1710 engine. Due to Britains wartime needs, the project progressed rapidly and a prototype was ready for testing only 117 days after the order was placed. This aircraft featured a new arrangement for its engine cooling system which saw it placed aft of the cockpit with the radiator mounted in the belly.  Testing soon found that this placement allowed the NA-73X to take advantage of the Meredith effect in which heated air exiting the radiator could be used to boost the aircrafts speed.  Constructed entirely of aluminum to reduce weight, the new aircrafts fuselage utilized a semi-monocoque design.   First flying on October 26, 1940, the P-51 utilized a laminar flow wing design which provided low drag at high speeds and was the product of collaborative research between North American and the  National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. While the prototype proved substantially faster than the P-40, there was a substantial drop in performance when operating over 15,000 feet. While adding a supercharger to the engine would have solved this issue, the aircrafts design made it impractical. Despite this, the British were eager to have the aircraft which was initially provided with eight machine guns (4 x .30 cal., 4 x .50 cal.). The US Army Air Corps approved Britains original contract for 320 aircraft on the condition that they received two for testing. The first production aircraft flew May 1, 1941, and the new fighter was adopted under the name Mustang Mk I by the British and dubbed the XP-51 by the USAAC. Arriving in Britain in October 1941, the Mustang first saw service with No. 26 Squadron before making its combat debut on May 10, 1942. Possessing outstanding range and low-level performance, the RAF primarily assigned the aircraft to Army Cooperation Command which utilized the Mustang for ground support and tactical reconnaissance. In this role, the Mustang made its first long-range reconnaissance mission over Germany on July 27, 1942. The aircraft also provided ground support during the disasterous Dieppe Raid that August. The initial order was soon followed by the second contract for 300 planes which differed only in armament carried. The Americans Embrace the Mustang: During 1942, Kindelberger pressed the newly re-designated US Army Air Forces for a fighter contract to continue production of the aircraft. Lacking funds for fighters in early 1942, Major General Oliver P. Echols was able to issue a contract for 500 of a version of the P-51 which had been designed for a ground attack role. Designated the A-36A Apache/Invader these aircraft began arriving that September. Finally, on June 23, a contract for 310 P-51A fighters was issued to North American. While the Apache name was initially retained, it was soon dropped in favor of Mustang. Refining the Aircraft: In April 1942, the RAF asked Rolls-Royce to work on addressing the aircrafts high altitude woes. Engineers quickly realized that many of the issues could be resolved by swapping the Allison with one of their Merlin 61 engines equipped with a two speed, two stage supercharger. Testing in Britain and America, where the engine was built under contract as the Packard V-1650-3, proved highly successful. Immediately put into mass production as the P-51B/C (British Mk III), the aircraft began reaching the front lines in late 1943. Though the improved Mustang received rave reviews from pilots, many complained about a lack of rearward visibility due to the aircrafts razorback profile. While the British have experimented with field modifications using Malcolm hoods similar to those on the Supermarine Spitfire, North American sought a permanent solution to the problem. The result was the definitive version of the Mustang, the P-51D, which featured a completely transparent bubble hood and six .50 cal. machine guns. The most widely produced variant, 7,956 P-51Ds were built. A final type, the P-51H arrived too late to see service. Operational History: Arriving in Europe, the P-51 proved key to maintaining the Combined Bomber Offensive against Germany. Prior to its arrival daylight bombing raids routinely sustained heavy losses as current Allied fighters, such as the Spitfire and Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, lacked the range to provide an escort. With the superb range of the P-51B and subsequent variants, the USAAF was able to provide its bombers with protection for the duration of raids. As a result, the US 8th and 9th Air Forces began exchanging their P-47s and Lockheed P-38 Lightnings for Mustangs. In addition to escort duties, the P-51 was a gifted air superiority fighter, routinely besting Luftwaffe fighters, while also serving admirably in a ground strike role. The fighters high speed and performance made it one of the few aircraft capable of pursuing V-1 flying bombs and defeating the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter. While best known for its service in Europe, some Mustang units saw service in the Pacific and the Far East. During World War II, the P-51 was credited with downing 4,950 German aircraft, the most of any Allied fighter. Following the war, the P-51 was retained as the USAAFs standard, piston-engine fighter. Re-designated the F-51 in 1948, the aircraft was soon eclipsed in the fighter role by newer jets. With the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, the F-51 returned to active service in a ground attack role. It performed admirably as a strike aircraft for the duration of the conflict. Passing out of frontline service, the F-51 was retained by reserve units until 1957. Though it had departed American service, the P-51 was utilized by numerous air forces around the world with the last being retired by the Dominican Air Force in 1984. Selected Sources Ace Pilots: P-51 MustangBoeing: P-51 MustangFighter Plans: P-51 MustangAngelucci, Enzo, Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft: 1914-1980 (The Military Press: New York, 1983), 233, 234.

Battle of Waterloo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Battle of Waterloo - Essay Example France has found a charismatic and ambitious leader in the person of Napoleon Bonaparte. His string of victories in the battlefields of Europe all the more contributed to his steady rise and prominence among the French people. Consequently, France's rise to power brought unease among other European nations. Assured of his prominent status and support among the people, Napoleon launched a coup in 1799 that overthrew the Bourbon king and established himself as ruler and First Consul. Later on, he would declare himself emperor for life ("The Battle of Waterloo"). Napoleon had wanted to make France the most powerful country in Europe and to achieve this; he waged a campaign of annexation and colonization of lands which resulted in many victories for his army. The wars were later called the Napoleonic Wars. A coalition of major powers in Europe, notably the Great Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria mobilized an army to meet the threat posed by Napoleon's army. After a series of wars, the Allied army finally defeated Napoleon in 1814 thereby effectively checking his ambition of establishing France as the dominant power in Europe. Napoleon was subsequently deposed and exiled to the island of Elba along with some 600 of his loyal guards in accordance with the Treaty of Fontainbleau. The bourbon king, Louis XVIII was made ruler of France by the victorious European powers ("Battle of Waterloo"). The Congress of Vienna was convened by the nations of Europe that defeated Napoleon to discuss the problems that arose after the fall of France. The Congress also wanted to re-establish the territorial balance in Europe wherein the future and status of the nations conquered and annexed by Napoleon's campaign in Europe were to be discussed. The unpopularity and ineptness of Louis XVIII resulting in economic and social unrest left many veterans who fought with Napoleon and many citizens as well clamoring for change. The men who had fought alongside Napoleon remained a potent force and many felt that their past efforts were wasted because of the government's corruption and insensitiveness to the needs of the people. Many were hoping that their deposed emperor would return and liberate them. Napoleon, believing that many in France would allow his return while others would not dare oppose it, decided to risk a return and put forth plans to establish himself again as the ruler of France ("Waterloo"). On Feb. 26, 1815, Napoleon together with less than a thousand of his men, left Elba and landed on an unpopulated beach near Antibes. Napoleon is determined to return to Paris and early on the next day, he marched toward Grenoble with his men. Soldiers who were stationed in outposts outside Paris initially barred his advance but after offering the guards to shoot him because he has no intention of turning back, instead joined him. Everywhere Napoleon marched, veteran soldiers and those soldiers serving the government joined his ranks. At Auxerre, Marshal Ney, Napoleon's old comrade whom he once called the "bravest of the brave," was overwhelmed by the presence of his former emperor. He embraced him and turned over to Napoleon the command of his 6,000 troops. Because of

Citigroup Crisis Management and Continuity Plan Essay

Citigroup Crisis Management and Continuity Plan - Essay Example The economic crisis in the recent years had a significant impact over the nation thus impacting the businesses of the Citigroup as well. The current research focuses on the responses of the organizational group to the economic crisis and to learn the concepts and use of business management continuity plans in the process. Citigroup and the Global Economic Recession: The global economic recession that hit the United States in the late 2008 and thereafter the entire world affected the nation’s gross domestic product, led to unemployment, decrease in purchases, and decline in investments (U.S. Economic Downturn Worsened at End of 2008, 2009). Root Cause of the Recession leading Citigroup to a Crisis Situation: With the enhancement of the economic slowdown in the United States, the Citigroup started getting affected and was encountered with the crisis of recession. One of the major crises that led to the crisis in the Citigroup was the decline in the demand level among the custome rs. When a financial slowdown was prevailing in the United States, people tended to invest less and save their funds. When the nation was encountered with the decline in the economic growth, customers feared the failure or lack of performance of the different companies that included Citigroup as well. With scarcity in the availability of funds in the economy of the country customers started saving and stopped investing or lending to the company that ultimately led to a crisis for the company (Beek, 2010; Cochrane, 2010, p. 34). Thus the two primary reasons that could be reflected as the root causes for the crisis in the Citigroup are the economic slowdown in the United States followed by the change in the customer outlook and behavior towards fearing the failure of companies to overcome the global crisis, leading to huge declines in the levels of demand. Citigroup before the Crisis: Before the global recession had hit the United States, Citigroup had been successfully performing its activities. Several innovative strategies have been encouraged within the group. Also, with greater expansion plans the company created several job opportunities (Our commitment is our promise, 2006). The year 2007, which was before the economic crisis, the company reflected positive results with respect to its international consumer related performances, wealth management at an international level, as well as operations of services in its different business divisions. However, the results for the banking and marketing segments of the group were not satisfactory. Too much of lending and written down values might have led to such a condition for the group. The revenue generation was thus affected although the customer growth was increasing. The volume of products and the operating expenses of the group also started rising from the previous years. Credit costs for the financial sector of the group also increased (Citigroup’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K, 2007). Citigroup du ring the Crisis: During the global economic slowdown, the Citigroup suffered huge losses that primarily occurred as a result of increasing costs of credits and the intensifying economic recession. Inflation and increasing levels of unemployment, that were resultant from the global econom

Why People Commit Suicide Essay

Why People Commit Suicide Essay Suicide is a very complex subject triggered by various multifaceted factors. The failure to meet ones expectations which may have been instilled as early as childhood may bring about a wide variety of emotions leading to people committing suicide for various reasons. Depression, physical or sexual abuse, horrible disappointments, severe financial loss, mental or emotional disorders, all trigger feelings of emptiness and hopelessness and are just some of the few psychological factors which may influence an individuals final and distorted decision of committing suicide as a means to put an end to these insufferable emotions. The foregoing, however, is just a superficial analysis touching merely upon the surface of the deep-seated source of suicide. This paper will thus attempt to provide a more in depth analysis of why people commit suicide by looking primarily at the sociological factors and in particular in relation to Durkheims work. Durkheim defines suicide as a general state of extreme depression and exaggerated sadness, causing the patient no longer to realize sanely the bonds which connect him with the people and things about him -pleasures no longer attract [Durkheim, 1951:63]. Durkheim further stated that man cannot become attached to higher aims and submit to a rule if he sees nothing above him to which he belongs to free him from allsocial pressure is to abandon him to himself and demoralize him [Durkheim,1951:110]. In Durkheims Interdiction To Suicide: A Study in Sociology, Durkheim expresses his concern in developing the conduct of sociology. He sees the main problem to be that sociology is mostly constructed on philosophical overviews, and does not answer the exact social questions. He suggests a methodology that will give the science of sociology strong baselines and real results. In his book, Durkheim applies these propositions and shows how sociology should be conducted, and firmly draws conclusions that expose to us the way in which we should be able to approach the difficulties of society. This study has been presented in such a way that it is probable to assess the relevance and accuracy of its meanings and deductions. Durkheim gives the importance of sociology far more than being just a tool to fix the world, but it is a lens, through which we see reality as a shared reality, one included of individuals who are determined by their realities.In this introductory chapter he investigates the act of suicide and explores its social roots by examining suicide rates in different social classes and correlating that with the characteristics of the society.(Durkheim, 1970) A differentiation is made between two types of suicide, positive and negative. In Durkheims words suicide is thus described as all cases of death resulting directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act of the victim himself, which he knows will produce this result [Durkheim, 1986:64]. A positive performance would be to discharge or to suspend an act. In this case, death comes as a straight product of the action. A negative act would be the scenario of remaining in a burning house or to refuse eating to the point of hunger. Death in this case is the indirect result of an individuals act. Durkheim believed that the areas with the highest rates of mental illnesses and alcoholism are not necessarily the areas with the highest suicide rates. Esquirol wrote that suicide may be seen to be for us only a phenomenon resulting from many different causes and appearing under many different forms; and it is clear that this phenomenon is not characteristic of a disease. [Esquirol, 1838:528]. Durkheim believed that suicide is not an individual act nor a personal achievement. It is produced by some power which is over and above the individual. Durkheim studied suicide vis a vis the relationship between individuals and society affirmed that suicide is a social phenomenon as well as establishing that there are no societies in which suicide does not occur. He asserted that what most people regard as an individual act is, in reality, the result of the social world. The evidence supporting this view are numerous. In addition to the stark differentiation made between positive and negative acts of suicide, Durkheims research concluded that the institution of marriage protects against suicide making the observation that suicide rates are higher among people that have lost their spouse and those who are divorced. Furthermore, Durkheim observes that suicide rates are higher among couples who have no children than couples who do, concluding that a human being needs to be loved and have a purpose in life. People who do not experience love in their life are the ones more susceptible to suicide. (Durkheim, 1951). The institution of marriage may thus play a vital role in ones decision to commit suicide. Whether marriage should be viewed positively in relation to suicide is however debatable. While on the one hand marriage may play a role in protecting against suicide by providing love, purpose, and stability in ones life it may, on the other hand, be a volatile institution that once shattered may inste ad be an instigator of suicide. Durkheim interestingly further observed that suicide rates are higher during times of peace than times of war because during the war people need to be unified in defending their country (Durkheim, 1951). This observation may, therefore, suggest that feelings of patriotism, honour as well as purpose tends to distant an individual from suicide. Furthermore, suicide rates also tend to be higher during rapid economic changes than in economic crises as rapid economic changes are sudden and difficult to endure. (Durkheim, 1951). This observation made by Durkheim may suggest that people are required to work harder in such economic times constantly being pushed to their limits in order to keep up with such rapid changes bringing about feelings of despair, restlessness and being under appreciated. According to Durkheims research, religion may also have an affect on suicide rates. Durkheims collected data suggested that Protestants are more likely to commit suicide than Catholics, due to the fact that Protestants are more idiosyncratic while Catholics are more communitarian (Durkheim, 1951). In other words, Catholics tend to have more social support. According to Durkheim people connecting and validating each other within a community plays an important role in preventing suicide making this kind of social integration important. Without this type of connection, people may experience feelings of depression and isolation pushing them towards suicide. Durkheim, however, seemed to identify two sides of the coin in relation to social integration, pointing out that where social integration is high people are more likely to commit suicide in order to avoid becoming burdens to society. Two distinct features are therefore identified by Durkheim; namely, social regulation and social integ ration. Integration is described as the degree to which collective sentiments are shared and regulation refers to the degree of external constraint on people[Ritzer, 1992:90]. Based on these two social forces, four types of suicide have been proposed by Durkheim. Durkheim differentiated between four types of suicide, the first being egoistic suicide. Egoistic suicide is viewed as stemming from an absence of social integration and is committed by people who are outcast by society and are insufficiently integrated into social groups and societies, they depend more on themselves than on a group of objectives and instructions. They are not socially combined or not socially tied to a community or group. These types of individuals find themselves powerless in finding their own individual place in society and experience problems adjusting to other groups and are given little or no social care. Suicide is therefore perceived as a solution to free themselves of the loneliness or excessive isolation. Durkheim points out that this type of suicide is mostly prevalent amongst those who are unmarried, widowed, divorced, have no children as well as those without any strong attachments to religious, social or community groups.(Durkheim,1951) The second type of suicide identified by Durkheim is anomic suicide. Anomic suicide is viewed by Durkheim as disillusionment and disappointment occurring when a person goes through extreme changes in wealth and is ultimately caused by a lack of social regulation. This type of suicide is most notable at times when society is rapidly changing leading to uncertainty. It is a type of suicide that stems from sudden and unexpected changes which Durkheim found mostly occurs during rapid economic changes than in economic crises. Durkheim interestingly points out that suicide is more evident in crisis that brings out disturbances in ones life rather than being attributed to poverty[Durkheim,1951:245]. Altruistic suicide is the third type of suicide that has been identified and according to Durkheim, this type of suicide occurs when individuals or a group are too close and intimate and stems from being overly integrated into society. It is the other side of the spectrum in social integration when an individual is so well integrated into society that they choose to sacrifice their own life in order to fulfil some obligation. Altruistic suicide, being a complex concept, can further be broken down into three types: optional, acute and obligatory altruistic suicide. Optional altruistic suicide is brought about by societal pressures that may, in fact, be well-intentioned. This can be seen in Japan where there is a high level of suicide amongst students because of stress and high expectations from others and the constant pressure to excel at school exams. Often the accompanying stress and anxiety push them to commit suicide; suicide in the victims perspective becomes the answer to freedo m of oppression from what society expects individuals to be. Acute altruistic suicide occurs when an individual kills himself in order to save another life. For example when a fire-fighter saves a person from a burning fire but the fire-fighter dies as a result. This is an act of heroism and self-sacrifice. It could be argued that it may by flawed to categories this as a type of suicide because suicide is mainly associated with a troublesome and stressed life, when in fact such an act may be a form of the righteous act. Obligatory altruistic suicidal refers to a type of suicidal where respect and honour plays an important factor. For example in India, Hindu women should kill themselves during their husbands funeral as an act of honour expressing that life after the death of their spouse was not worth living. If women from these communities insisted on living the y would lose public respect; in some cases, the usual funeral honours are denied, in another a life of horror is supposed to await him beyond the grave (Durkheim,1951).Connect these two paragraphs. Durkheim points out that altruistic suicide is part of the collective spirit (Durkheim,1970). For example, when the spirit inquires you to do something you are obliged to do so and which we, therefore, see in environments where society places a substantial amount of pressure and expectations on individuals which may, in turn, push an individual towards suicide as a means of escape. The final type of suicide is fatalistic suicide. Durkheim discussed this type briefly because it was seen as a rare phenomenon in the real world. Fatalistic suicide occurs in social conditions where an individual experiences universal persecution resulting from excessive regulation whose passions [were] violently choked by oppressive discipline(Durkheim,1970). Slavery and persecution are examples of fatalistic suicide in which an individual may feel that they are destined by fate to be in such conditions and choose suicide as the only means to escape such conditions These four types of suicide are categorised by the degree of integration and regulation of individuals in their surrounding society. According to Durkheim people commit suicide because of either too high or too low integration or regulation, Suicide is a social fact and is due to social forces. Individuals are more likely to commit suicide each time the condition of society leaves from a state of stability. Society preserves stability by integration and regulation Durkheims work has been critiqued on many grounds, for example, his emphasis on consensus and morality , thanhis positivist method and negligence of the individual as an actor, his description of suicide rates. Durkheims concept of suicide is thought to be more reinforced by argument than by fact. However, he is contributed to the growth of sociology and over a difficult theoretical framework To conclude suicide is not an individual act it is a social act. People commit suicide because they are not supported by society or they do not feel loved by their own family. If a person has no support in his life and no one to care about thenthey can feel valueless and this will lead to depression which may lead to suicide. Suicide rates are correlated with how well a person is integrated into society and the degree to which society regulates individual behavior. In general, suicide has some connection with social rules or standards and the individual.

Dementia awareness Essay

What is dementia? Dementia is a gradual loss of brain functions. The most common form of dementia is caused by Alzheimer’s disease but there are many other forms of dementia including: alcohol related dememtias,vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementias and Lewy body dementia. Key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia. Each case of dementia is different. The area of the brain affected will depend on the type of dementia. Dementia can affect every area of thinking, feeling, and behaviour. It will eventually also affect the persons physical functions. Why depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia? All the above manifest with similar symptoms. Depression coupled with age related memory impairment looks the same as dementia to the untrained eye. Depression and delirium can be treated with medication. However, once treated, age related memory loss can be assessed. If it is dementia it can not be cured although medication can be used to ease the symptoms. Medical model of dementia Dementia as a clinical syndrome is characterised by global cognitive impairment,which represents a decline from previous level of functioning, and is associated with impairment in functional abilities and, in many cases, behavioural and psychiatric disturbances. The Social Model definition of dementia ‘The loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in the community on an equal level with others because of physical and social barriers’ and refers to being disabled as having an impairment defined as ‘the loss or limitation of physical, mental or sensory function on a long-term or permanent basis’. Why is dementia viewed as a disability? In contrast to a medical model the social model regards dementia as an impairment, where a marked difference can be made to quality of life by the  way people with dementia are supported. Common causes of dementia The main common causes of dementia are age, genetics and medical history. These factors coupled with any possible other medical diseases can cause or accompany dementia, such as: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Dementia with Lewy Bodies Down Syndrome Frontotemporal Dementia Huntington’s Disease Mild Cognitive Impairment Mixed Dementia Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Posterior Cortical Atrophy Parkinson’s Disease Dementia Traumatic Brain Injury Vascular Dementia Korsakoff Syndrome Dementia risk and possible prevention The main risk factors of dementia are age and genetics, this cannot be changed. However, researchers continue to explore the impact of other risk factors on brain health and prevention of dementia. Some of the most active areas of research in risk reduction and prevention include cardiovascular factors, physical fitness, and diet.

Coping with Stress

Stress can be defined as â€Å"an unpleasant and arousing experience that fills people with negative and unhealthy emotions† (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014). Lazarus and Folkway (1984) designated two general types of coping strategies, problem-focused coping, and emotion-focused coping. Problem- focused coping is cognitive and behavioral efforts to alter a stressful situation, and emotional-focused coping is cognitive and behavioral efforts to reduce the distress produced by a stressful situation.A third alternative has been presented by Shells Taylor and and Lisa Spinally, this alternative is known as reactive coping. Proactive coping is up-front efforts to ward off or modify the onset of a stressful event. Then there is social support, the helpful coping resources provided by friends and other people. (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014) Of the four types of coping strategies mentioned, use all of them. I use problem-focused coping when I feel like the situation either could have been avoided or could be remedied with a deal of effort on my behalf.Like most people do like stress, and try to do everything that I can to end it, and I try o do so without causing myself additional stress. When it comes to financial stress, will try to find ways to either work more hours or do something to make more money. Of course, taking that approach can cause me additional stress, especially while going to school full time. That's when I may find myself contemplating on taking a semester off from school to free of time to work more and create a financial cushion for myself. I use emotion-focused coping when I feel like the stressful situation is out of my control.While being in the litany, I missed a lot of holidays and birthdays with my family, to cope with this, reminded myself why I chose to serve, that it was only temporary, and that holidays are just another day and focused on the positives, like the fact that had a stable job during the holidays while a lot of people did not. (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014) After a while, we tend to recognize when a previously experienced stress is about to show up, or when we find ourselves engaging in certain activity that we know will end up with us in a stressful situation, we utilize proactive coping.We use this probably more often than realize, whenever I feel myself procrastinating with any kind of important business, but then think of the consequences, I get to work to avoid those consequences. I obey the law to avoid the stress of tickets or jail time. There are many different scenarios that proactive coping can be used, and to me it is the best strategy so we can nip it in the bud. (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014) Social coping is probably the most utilized strategy of all. With such an influx of social media portals, we see a lot of venting and request for opinions.

Why Suicide Is A Criminal Offence Essay - 1284 Words

To attempt suicide is a criminal offence. Any man who, of his own will tries to escape the treadmill to which the rest of us feel chained incites our envy, and therefore our fury. We do not suffer him to go unpunished. – Alexander Chase INTRODUCTION Suicide is defined as an act of terminating one’s own life. It is an act where a person decides to end their life and it is an effect of a major cause that has affected a person in such a way that they don’t feel the need to continue living. Attempt to suicide has been defined as an act which is considered to be injurious to life and is done with the intention that the act resulting in death and which might not actually result in death and hence, it is attempt to suicide and not suicide, attempt to suicide has been made punishable in certain specific cases in the Indian Penal Code, 1860. The punishment given on attempt to suicide is maximum imprisonment for one year, or fine or both. 309. 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